Pelvic venous insufficiency, also known as Pelvic Vein Congestion Syndrome (PCS), is essentially varicose veins in the pelvis. Varicose veins are most commonly seen in the legs and are caused by the veins becoming less elastic resulting in backward flow of blood causing it to pool in certain areas, leading to enlarged painful veins.
Uterine fibroids are benign growths of the uterine muscle occurring in 30-40% of women.
Some fibroids can cause heavy periods, which can lead to anemia, or if the fibroids grow large they can compress adjacent organs leading to frequency of urination, constipation and bloating. Fibroids may press on nerves causing backache and sciatica and can cause cosmetic unsightliness by bulging the abdomen.
Fallopian tube blockage is one of the most common causes of female infertility. The fallopian tubes are very fine tube-like structures that connect the ovaries on either side to the uterus. The eggs from the ovaries normally travel through the fallopian tubes, where they can be met and fertilized by sperm. Sometimes the tubes can become blocked or narrowed, preventing pregnancy. This can happen in one or both fallopian tubes.
